Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detector Requirements & FAQs

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Fire alarm system plays an important part of the fire and life safety of building and its occupants. Fire alarm system main function is to detect a fire at a sufficiently early stage so that the people who are at risk can made safely either by escaping as fast as possible or extinguishing the fire that can also reduce or prevent the property damage. Therefore, a reliability and functionality of fire alarm system as a whole is very important.

The following are the different types of the Fire Alarm System:

1. Conventional fire alarm system
a. Conventional fire alarm system uses physical cabling to connect several detectors and call points. Conventional fire alarm system has no way to identify immediately the exact location of the fire, but can be arranged in “Zones” to easily identify the location of the cause of the alarm. Its devices are cheaper but will consume more cable wires compare to addressable, since each device will be connected to the control panel by its own cable wire. This system are mainly used specially in smaller property.

2. Addressable fire alarm system

a. Addressable fire alarm system has the same detection principle, except that each detector can be given a set address that can help to identify the exact location of the detector that initiated the alarm, that can be seen in the fire alarm control panel. Addressable fire alarm system saves a lot of wire compare to conventional system, since the devices can share one cable wires up to the last device. Both ends of the wire is loop connected to the fire alarm control panel. This system are very suitable for large and high buildings, since they are able to pinpoint exactly which devices are triggering the alarm.

3. Wireless fire alarm system

a. Wireless fire alarm system, is hassle-free to install compare to conventional and addressable since it does not use any conduit and cable wires. However, even though you saved a lot of money in material and labor cost, the hardware and programming are higher than the wired systems. The devices are battery powered and can be placed anywhere and can be easily relocate if needed.

Fire Alarm System Components
The main component of fire alarm system are the following:

1. Fire Alarm Control Panel

Fire Alarm Control Panel is the brain or central hub of a fire alarm system. It displays the location and status of the alarm devices, and it gives precise location of the device that cause the alarm.

2. Fire Alarm Initiating Devices

Fire Alarm Initiating Devices are the devices that detects signs of fire and triggers the alarm. They are connected to the fire alarm system control panel. Initiating devices includes smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors, manual pull station and fire sprinkler water flow switch.

3. Fire Notification Devices
Fire Notification Devices are the audible and visual devices in fire alarm system, it includes fire alarm horn, speaker and bell. Its main function is to alert people at risk in the event of a fire, that is why it is considered as the most important components of fire alarm system.

4. Primary Power Supply
Primary power supply is typically supplied by the local utility, and also from generators that are located in remote areas wherein the electrical grid is not available.
5. Backup Power Supply
Backup power supply commonly supplied by batteries and stored internally or adjacent to main fire alarm control panel or can be also from generator. It must also provide a 24 hours of power supply to control panel in case of power shortage.

How Fire Alarm System Works?

In an event of a fire emergency, the fire alarm system main role is to detect fire and to alert people at risk inside the building and emergency response team to control the situation as fast as possible. Fire alarm system key functions is to detect (by the use of smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors, etc.) , alert (by the use alarm horn, speaker, and bell), and monitor (control panel).

Fire Alarm System Maintenance
A functioning and well-maintained fire alarm devices can help reduce injuries, save lives and properties. The fire safety systems inspection, routine maintenance, and testing will help one in keeping in compliance with the local/state fire inspectors and also their insurance carrier. To keep the best condition of the fire alarm devices, it is advisable to keep a scheduled maintenance and check the following:

1. Checking of physical appearance of the fire alarm devices

2. Smoke Detectors should be cleaned & tested for sensitivity levels (addressable type)

3. Fire alarm control panel should be tested for all alarm, trouble, supervisory, reset & silence function

4. Checking of the devices power supply

5. Checking/ replacement of batteries

6. Checking/ removal of any obstruction on the devices that may cause false alarm or malfunctioning

7. Checking if the alarm is audible

8. Devices must be replaced when exceeded 10 years from the manufactured date

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ASENWARE Centralized Monitoring Emergency Luminaire System is designed for managing, monitoring and controlling emergency lights automatically.

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ASENWARE Fire Pump Series provide fire departments or private users with the ability to pump from any water source.

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Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detector Requirements & FAQ

2023-04-10

Carbon monoxide is a dangerous, colorless, odorless gas. And the air circulation in the basement and underground parking garage is not good, which can easily lead to excessive concentration of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, harming human body. Therefore, it is necessary to install a carbon monoxide detector in the basement or underground parking garage to monitor the CO concentration to prevent people from hypoxia poisoning or carbon monoxide poisoning. For buildings with underground parking garages, it is also necessary to install exhaust equipment linked with carbon monoxide detectors. When carbon monoxide exceeds a certain level, the detector will alarm and the exhaust system will be activated right away.

Where Does CO Come From?

Car exhaust fumes

Charcoal

Fireplaces

Gas/oil furnaces

Gas space heaters

Gas stoves

Hot water heaters

Lawn mowers

Pilot lights

Tobacco smoke

Wood-burning stoves

Where to Install Carbon Monoxide Detector

On every floor, including the basement.

Near sleeping areas within 10 feet of your bedroom doors

Near or over any attached garage

You should install CO alarms at least 5 feet over the floor, as CO is lighter than air and rises. You can also install the CO alarm on a ceiling if you prefer.

Basement Installation Requirements

1. Install the carbon monoxide detector on a wall or high up near the ceiling. And when installing a battery-operated detector, you should install it on the wall below the ceiling, not on the ceiling. Many battery-operated detectors prefer wall mounting, so be sure to check the manufacturer's instructions.

2. Before installing a carbon monoxide detector, you need to decide the installation location by testing the warning alarm of the detector, make sure that the alarm can be heard in other places.

3. Do not install the carbon monoxide detector within 5m of any heating or cooking equipment such as a stove or. If doing so, it may cause false alarms.

4. Do not install carbon monoxide detectors where windows are often opened.

Underground Parking Garage Installation Requirements

1. The carbon monoxide detector installed in the underground parking garage should be installed 1.5m above the ground, and should adopt the wall-mounted method, installed in the air circulation position.

2. It is recommended to divide the zone according to fire prevention, area size, etc. Normally, every 200-300m should be installed a carbon monoxide detector.

3. The carbon monoxide detector should be installed in a place without shock, vibration, and strong electromagnetic field interference, and there should be no less than 0.3m of clean air around.

4. The installation and wiring of the carbon monoxide detector should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer, and should comply with the relevant regulations on the installation and wiring of explosion-proof instruments.

According to the "Green Building Evaluation Standard", the underground parking garage needs to be equipped with a carbon monoxide concentration monitoring device linked to the exhaust system. It is for:

1. It is a consideration of safety, ensuring the carbon monoxide concentration in the garage is at a normal value.

2. Automatically judge whether to activate the exhaust system according to the concentration of carbon monoxide in the underground parking garage, saving energy and avoiding unnecessary waste.

3. According to the toxicity of carbon monoxide, we know that 50ppm is the maximum limit that an adult can bear within 8 hours. It is recommended that the alarm value of carbon monoxide detectors be set at 30ppm. When the concentration value exceeds 30ppm, the detector will automatically alarm and activate the exhaust system.

How to Install Carbon Monoxide Detector

1. Read the manufacturer’s installation manual carefully.

2. Choose a drill bit that’s a little bit smaller than the wall anchors.

3. Mark the screw holes of the mounting base.

4. Tap the screw anchors into the wall with a hammer.

5. Put the screws in the wall.

6. Line up the mounting base with the screws.

7. According to the CO detector’s user manual, connect the wires or install the batteries (Follow the CO type)

8. Screw the CO detector into the screws.

9. Tighten the screws with a screwdriver.

10. Mount the alarm onto its base.

Maintain Carbon Monoxide Detector

After installing the carbon monoxide detector, you should do some maintenance keep it normal.

1. Test the carbon monoxide detector at least once a month. Most of them just need to press a button to test the alarm and the battery.

2. Replace the battery every 6 months even if you don’t hear the warning beep. If you are using a lithium-ion battery, replace the battery every 10 years.

3. Vacuum every detector once a year to clean the dust or particles in it.

4. Check the date of manufacture of each device regularly and replace them when expired.

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