Aspirating Smoke Detection Clean Room Design Guide

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Fire Alarm System

Fire alarm system plays an important part of the fire and life safety of building and its occupants. Fire alarm system main function is to detect a fire at a sufficiently early stage so that the people who are at risk can made safely either by escaping as fast as possible or extinguishing the fire that can also reduce or prevent the property damage. Therefore, a reliability and functionality of fire alarm system as a whole is very important.

The following are the different types of the Fire Alarm System:

1. Conventional fire alarm system
a. Conventional fire alarm system uses physical cabling to connect several detectors and call points. Conventional fire alarm system has no way to identify immediately the exact location of the fire, but can be arranged in “Zones” to easily identify the location of the cause of the alarm. Its devices are cheaper but will consume more cable wires compare to addressable, since each device will be connected to the control panel by its own cable wire. This system are mainly used specially in smaller property.

2. Addressable fire alarm system

a. Addressable fire alarm system has the same detection principle, except that each detector can be given a set address that can help to identify the exact location of the detector that initiated the alarm, that can be seen in the fire alarm control panel. Addressable fire alarm system saves a lot of wire compare to conventional system, since the devices can share one cable wires up to the last device. Both ends of the wire is loop connected to the fire alarm control panel. This system are very suitable for large and high buildings, since they are able to pinpoint exactly which devices are triggering the alarm.

3. Wireless fire alarm system

a. Wireless fire alarm system, is hassle-free to install compare to conventional and addressable since it does not use any conduit and cable wires. However, even though you saved a lot of money in material and labor cost, the hardware and programming are higher than the wired systems. The devices are battery powered and can be placed anywhere and can be easily relocate if needed.

Fire Alarm System Components
The main component of fire alarm system are the following:

1. Fire Alarm Control Panel

Fire Alarm Control Panel is the brain or central hub of a fire alarm system. It displays the location and status of the alarm devices, and it gives precise location of the device that cause the alarm.

2. Fire Alarm Initiating Devices

Fire Alarm Initiating Devices are the devices that detects signs of fire and triggers the alarm. They are connected to the fire alarm system control panel. Initiating devices includes smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors, manual pull station and fire sprinkler water flow switch.

3. Fire Notification Devices
Fire Notification Devices are the audible and visual devices in fire alarm system, it includes fire alarm horn, speaker and bell. Its main function is to alert people at risk in the event of a fire, that is why it is considered as the most important components of fire alarm system.

4. Primary Power Supply
Primary power supply is typically supplied by the local utility, and also from generators that are located in remote areas wherein the electrical grid is not available.
5. Backup Power Supply
Backup power supply commonly supplied by batteries and stored internally or adjacent to main fire alarm control panel or can be also from generator. It must also provide a 24 hours of power supply to control panel in case of power shortage.

How Fire Alarm System Works?

In an event of a fire emergency, the fire alarm system main role is to detect fire and to alert people at risk inside the building and emergency response team to control the situation as fast as possible. Fire alarm system key functions is to detect (by the use of smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors, etc.) , alert (by the use alarm horn, speaker, and bell), and monitor (control panel).

Fire Alarm System Maintenance
A functioning and well-maintained fire alarm devices can help reduce injuries, save lives and properties. The fire safety systems inspection, routine maintenance, and testing will help one in keeping in compliance with the local/state fire inspectors and also their insurance carrier. To keep the best condition of the fire alarm devices, it is advisable to keep a scheduled maintenance and check the following:

1. Checking of physical appearance of the fire alarm devices

2. Smoke Detectors should be cleaned & tested for sensitivity levels (addressable type)

3. Fire alarm control panel should be tested for all alarm, trouble, supervisory, reset & silence function

4. Checking of the devices power supply

5. Checking/ replacement of batteries

6. Checking/ removal of any obstruction on the devices that may cause false alarm or malfunctioning

7. Checking if the alarm is audible

8. Devices must be replaced when exceeded 10 years from the manufactured date

Emergency system

ASENWARE Centralized Monitoring Emergency Luminaire System is designed for managing, monitoring and controlling emergency lights automatically.

Fire Suppression System

ASENWARE Fire Pump Series provide fire departments or private users with the ability to pump from any water source.

Fire Fighting System

At ASENWARE, you can choose the best quality of fire fighting equipment like extinguisher, hose reels, fire monitors, nozzles and hose pipes.
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Aspirating Smoke Detection Clean Room Design Guide

2022-06-24

A clean room is an engineered space that maintains a really low concentration of airborne particulates. It is designed to keep the dust and

vaporized particles away from the products in it. Other than this, the temperature, relative humidity and pressure of the clean room are also

under control as requested. Clean rooms are widely applied in industries like electronic components, medicine, precision instrument manufacturing and science research.

Risk of Having Fire in Clean Room

Building a clean room often needs to use lots of combustible materials, which will increase the fire load. Like polystyrene, it can insulate the

air ducts, but it can also increase the possibility of catching fire. Once there is a fire, a large amount of combustible materials in the clean

room will make it hard to control.

Besides, the clean rooms that produce electronic components tend to use flammable and explosive liquids and gases as cleaning agents, and the

clean rooms that produce medicines tend to use combustible packaging materials, both of which can easily cause fires or even explosions.

Furthermore, some production equipment in the clean room requires high temperatures exceeding 800°C, this can also lead to fires.

And since the clean room needs to be actively cleansed, its air exchange rate can reach 600 times per hour, which provides sufficient oxygen for the fire to burn.

Disadvantages of Conventional Smoke Detection Systems

In order to keep the dust away, the clean room usually changes its air by sending it out from the upper part and receiving it from the lower

part, and its air inlet is often installed close to the ground. In the early stage of the fire, for the air purification system hasn’t stopped

working and the air inlet is still purifying the air, it is usually hard for the conventional smoke detection system installed on the ceiling to

detect the smoke, let alone to give the early alarm.

Therefore, in order to detect the smoke from the fire as early as possible, installing an aspirating smoke detection (ASD) system is the best

option.

Features of Aspirating Smoke Detection System

The aspirating smoke detection system is an important part of the clean room fire protection system. It has mainly two features:

1.Active smoke detection: The aspirating smoke detection system can actively collect the air samples through the sample ports of the sample pipes, and transmit them to the detector to detect smoke. This type of active detection has a high sensitivity, which is better than the conventional smoke detection system who detects smoke passively by waiting for it. The active detection of the aspirating smoke detection system ensures the clean room’s safety.

2.Early alarm: The aspirating smoke detection system can detect smoke at early times, and it can prevent a fire from actually happening. By doing so, the property in the clean room is protected. The aspirating smoke detection system also gives people enough time to respond to the fire and reduce the pollution and damage, which is really important for protecting people’s safety.

In addition, the design of the aspirating smoke detection system is rather adaptable, and it can be used as an automatic activating device for pre-action fire suppression systems.And for ASENWARE's aspirating smoke detection systems, other than the above features, they are also able to achieve the smoke content visualization, parameter customization, and historical alarm query functions, and they can be applied in different types of clean rooms.

Installation of Aspirating Smoke Detection System

For installation, the sample ports of the aspirating smoke detection system can be put at the air inlet of the clean room (Diagram 1, 2 and 3).

The sample ports design of air inlet on vertical wall (Diagram 1)

The sample ports design of air inlet on the ceiling (Diagram 2)

The installation example of the sample ports of air inlet (Diagram 3)

But what needs to be noticed is that the processing equipment may affect the speed and direction of the airflow, so you can install the sample pipes in the mezzanine below the floor to capture the smoke carried by the
airflow. (Figure 4)